In recent years, the polyamines have attracted growing interest from the scientific community, due to their possible implication in various pathologies, ranging from inflammation to carcinogenesis. Polyamines are organic compounds with multiple amine functions. The main representatives are putrescine, cadaverine of the spermidine and spermine. Some polyamines, synthesized endogenously from ornithine, play an important role in eukaryotic cells and prokaryotes: they participate in the regulation of many biochemical and physiological functions, growth and cell proliferation, stabilization physico - chemistry of the DNA, the transcription of RNA in the regulation of the immune response . A

group of researchers at the ISA-CNR (Istituto di Scienze dell'Alimentazione - National Research Council), in collaboration with the University "Federico II" of Naples and the University of Bari, have shown that polyamines tend to self-associate in physicochemical conditions replicating the physiological milieu, forming macro-molecular structures defined. These supra-molecular aggregations, known as in vitro Nuclear Aggregates of Polyamines (ivNAPs) can be divided into three structural classes can interact with DNA in a specific manner. It should be noted that the polyamines in vivo isolated from the nuclei of cells are assembled into three classes of aggregates with structural features close to ivNAPs. According to the model proposed by researchers, supra-molecular aggregates of polyamines interact with DNA wrapping around the double helix, creating a sort of sheath fluid. Through their dynamic properties, these complexes would be able to guide and accompany the structural changes of DNA. The characterization of this new class of macromolecular aggregates could be correlated with mechanisms of control of nuclear activities and the impact on basic research in biotechnology in the agrifood sector.